![]() They form a cagelike protective structure around the organs of your upper torso. You have 12 of them on either side of your body. ![]() To examine joints and learn about muscles and the movements they produce, the names of the bones of the body and the anatomic landmarks of each bone must be looked at in greater detail (see Table 3.1). Your sternum is a T-shaped flat bone that’s located in the middle of your chest. Sesamoid bones help reduce friction and stress on tendons and may also help to change the direction of tension placed on the tendon. Lets go through each type and see examples. Other sesamoid bones are often found around the knee joint or the joints of the hands or feet. There are five types of bones in the skeleton: flat, long, short, irregular, and sesamoid. These bones are called sesamoid bones. The patella is a sesamoid bone found in all individuals. Rarely, small, flat, round bones develop inside ten-dons. IRREGULAR bones include the vertebrae (spine), and pelvic. The number, size, and shape vary by individual. The primary bones of the axial skeleton are the skull, spine, ribs and sternum (thorax). Small, irregularly shaped bones, called sutural or wormian bones, are found where two ormore other bones meet in the skull. The facial bones and vertebrae are all examples of this type. Irregular bones are those in various shapes andsizes. Flat bones contain the red bone marrow in which blood cells are manufactured. Their thin, broad area helps protect inner organs and/or provide surface area for muscle attachment. The shoulder blade (scapula), some of the skull bones, ribs, and breastbone (ster-num), are all examples of flat bone. Most of the carpals-the small bones lo-cated in the wrist (except pisiform, sesamoid bone)- and most of the tarsals-the small bones in the ankle region (except calcaneus, irregular bone)-are good examples of short bones.įlat bones are broad and thin with a flattenedand/or curved surface. Short bones are almost equal in length, width,and height. The femur or thighbone, the humerus of the arm, metacarpals, metatarsals, and phalanges are a few examples. ![]() There is still red marrow in flat bones and the epiphysis of long bones. Long bones, as thename suggests, are long, with the length being greater than the width. Our bones are in axial (skull, ribcage, spine) and appendicular (arms. The bones of the body are classified, according to shape, as long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones (see Figure 3.4).
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